Protecting yourself and your family begins by being prepared. Check out these tips and other information in our associated pages to learn what precautions you can take to ensure your health, 福利, 和安全.

洪水

Prolonged rainfall over several days can cause a river or stream to overflow and flood the surrounding area. A flash flood from a broken dam or levee or after intense rainfall of one inch (or more) per hour often catches people unprepared. Regardless, the rule for being safe is simple: head for the high ground and stay away from the water. Even a shallow depth of fast-moving water produces more force than most people imagine. The most dangerous thing you can do is to try walking, swimming, or driving through such swift water. Still, you can take steps to prepare for these types of emergencies.

洪水的手表

A flash flood watch is issued when flash flooding is possible within the designated watch area - be alert

洪水警报

A flash flood warning is issued when a flash flood has been reported or is imminent - take necessary precautions.

洪水

山洪暴发波, 以惊人的速度移动, 可以滚动巨石, 砍伐树木, 摧毁建筑物和桥梁, 并冲刷出新的渠道. 致命的水墙可以达到10到20英尺的高度. You won't always have warning that these deadly, sudden floods are coming.

When a Flash 洪水警报 is issued for your area or the moment you realize that a flash flood is imminent, 迅速行动，拯救自己. 你可能只有几秒钟的时间!

没有一个地区能幸免于山洪暴发.

在小溪上, 尤其是在河流流域的源头附近, 暴雨时水位会迅速上升, 而山洪暴发可能在降雨停止之前就开始了. There is little time between detection of flood conditions and the arrival of the flood crest. 迅速采取行动对保护生命和财产至关重要.

Flash floods also occur in or near mountainous area where torrential thunderstorm rains can quickly change a dry water curse or trickling little brook into raging treacherous torrents of water. 沙漠洗, 尤其是靠近山脉的地方, can go from dry to flood stage within minutes as a result of thundershowers many miles away and out of sight or hearing of the flash flood site.

Urban flooding can occur in any terrain and is particularly aggravated by urbanization where natural cover has been removed by the construction of buildings, 道路, 还有停车场. 暴雨会导致山洪暴发, inundating cars and causing considerable damage to residential and industrial properties located along the steam channels. Streets can become rivers and basements, indoor swimming pools!

生存的技巧

• 离开洪水泛滥的地区. 这包括低谷、低点等.
• 避免已经淹水和高流速的区域. Do not attempt to cross a flowing stream on foot where water is above your knees
• 路基在水下可能不完整
• 如果车辆熄火, abandon it immediately and seek higher ground - rapidly rising water may engulf the vehicle and its occupants and sweep them away.
• Be especially cautious at night when it is harder to recognize flood dangers
• Do not camp or park your vehicle along streams particularly during threatening conditions

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• Keep materials on hand such as sandbags, plywood, plastic sheeting, and lumber
• 随时准备急救用品
• Keep your automobile fueled; if electric power is cut off, filling stations may not be able to operate pumps for several days
• Keep a stock of food that requires little cooking and no refrigeration; electric power may be interrupted keep a portable radio, 应急烹调设备, 电灯和手电筒工作正常
• 知道你的高度高于洪水水位
• 了解你的疏散路线

当你收到洪水警告

• Store drinking water in clean bathtubs and in various containers, 在供水中断之前
• If forced to leave your home and time permits move essential items to safe ground; fill fuel tanks to keep them from floating away; grease immovable machinery
• 在通道被洪水切断之前转移到安全的地方

洪水期间

• 避开易受突然水浸影响的地区
• Do not attempt to cross a flowing stream where water is above your knees
• Do not attempt to drive over a flooded road - you can be stranded or trapped. 水的深度并不总是显而易见的

当洪水来临时——只要你有时间

• 如果你被突然上涨的水困在房子里, 搬到二楼，必要时到屋顶
• 出门时要记住，洪水是骗人的! Try and avoid flooded areas and don't attempt to walk through flood waters that are more than knee deep
• Turn off all utilities at the main power switch and close the main gas valve if evacuation appears necessary. Do not touch any electrical equipment unless it is in a dry area and your standing on a piece of dry wood whole wearing rubber gloves and rubber soled boots or shoes
• Fill bathtubs, sinks, and jugs with clean water in case regular supplies are contaminated. 你可以先用漂白剂冲洗这些物品来消毒
• Board up windows or protect them with storm shutters or tape to prevent flying glass

驾车疏散是否安全

• 在车上储存不易腐烂的食物, 塑料水容器, 毯子, 急救箱, 手电筒, dry clothing and any special medication needed by your family
• 保持油箱至少半满. Since gas pumps will not be working in the electricity has been cut off
• If your car stalls in a flooded are, abandon it as soon as possible. Flood waters can rise rapidly and sweep a car (and its occupants) away. Many deaths have resulted from attempts to move stalled vehicles

洪水之后

• Do not use fresh food that has come in contact with flood waters
• 使用前将饮用水煮沸. Wells should be pumped out and the water tested for purity before drinking
• 到最近的医院寻求必要的医疗护理. Food, clothing, shelter, and first aid are available at shelters
• Do not visit disaster areas; your presence might hamper rescue and other emergency operations
• Do not handle live electrical equipment in wet areas; electrical equipment should be checked and dried before being returned to service
• Use 手电筒, not lanterns or torches, to examine buildings, flammable may be inside
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